OPTIMIZATION OF LOAD DISTRIBUTION OF INITIAL TRAINING SPORTSMEN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15544/mts.2019.33Keywords:
baidarių ir kanojų irklavimas, irklavimas, buriavimas, pradinis sportininkų rengimas, metinis ciklasAbstract
Unsystematic training of young sportsmen, sub-optimal distribution of training load creates preconditions for their demotivation and short-term sport performance. The purposefulness of the exercise, consistent and systematic training with regard to social factors and the recommendations of the scientists help to achieve the highest and lasting results. Research object: Kaunas city sports school “Bangpūtys” the initial preparation of the sportsmen groups annual plans of 2018-2019 years.
The aim of the study was to provide alternatives to optimize workload distribution by analyzing the annual plans of initial training sportsmen groups. Research methods: the analysis of the scientific literature, the analysis and synthesis of statistics of exercise load, parallel, comparison. The article reveals the structure of the annual plans of the initial training groups of sportsmen according to the periods of general and special physical training, analyzes and compares the training loads of the initial sports groups in the annual cycle, provides alternatives for the optimization of the distribution of loads.
The rowing had the most hours of practice. Rowers had most hours of special physical training and most hours of kayak and canoe physical training. Sailors were mostly concentrated on theory and tactics cultivation and rowers had inventory preparation and separate or full motion development. The initial training period of athletes in competition period lasted 7 months during which sailors had the most hours of special and general physical training. Preparation period took 5 months, during them most hours of special physical preparation was done by rowers and kayakers, most hours of general physical training was done by rowers. During these two periods training load zone hasn’t changed. In the first zone most exercises was done by rowers, in the second zone – kayakers and canoeists, third zone – sailors, fourth zone – canoers and kayakers, fifth zone – canoers and kayakers and rowers. After gathering and analyzing the measurements of qualitative special physical training it has been assessed that canoeists and kayakers has the physical features by the importance as it follows: 1) stamina; 2) strength; 3) speed; 4) coordination. The physical characteristics of the rowers according to the relevance and the allocation of hours are as follows: 1) stamina; 2) strength; 3) speed; 4) coordination. In accordance with the importance of the physical properties of sailing and the allocation of hours are as follows: 1) strength; 2) speed; 3) endurance; 4) coordination.