Gratitude, Empathy, and Parental Typology in Greek Elementary School Children: The Role of Gender and Culture

Panagiotis Karkanidis; Michalis Linardakis

doi:10.15823/p.2025.159.3

Gratitude, Empathy, and Parental Typology in Greek Elementary School Children: The Role of Gender and Culture

Authors

Panagiotis Karkanidis University of Crete
Michalis Linardakis University of Crete

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15823/p.2025.159.3

Keywords:

Empathy, Gratitude, Parental Typology, Positive Emotions, Positive Psychology

Abstract

This study of 225 Greek elementary students (aged 10-13) examined relationships between perceived parenting styles and children’s gratitude and empathy. CFA of PSDQ-G1 confirmed three parenting types, rejecting the "strict" one. Gratitude and empathy were positively associated with authoritative parenting and negatively with the authoritarian one. Boys exhibited higher gratitude than girls. Findings highlight the role of parenting in children’s emotional development.

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Published

2025-12-20

How to Cite

Karkanidis, P., & Linardakis, M. (2025). Gratitude, Empathy, and Parental Typology in Greek Elementary School Children: The Role of Gender and Culture. Pedagogika, 159(3), 55–80. https://doi.org/10.15823/p.2025.159.3