INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS AND BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS ON MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) GRAIN YIELD

Abstract

The field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station of the VDU Agricultural Academy in 2022. The soil of the experimental field is PLb-g4 Endohypogleyic-Eutric Planasol.

The research object was maize (Zea mays L.) crop. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the influence of nitrogen fertilizer rates and biological preparations on the yield of corn grains.

The field tests were carried out in 3 repetitions, the fields were arranged randomly. Research data were processed by the method of variance analysis, using the computer program ANOVA from the program package: "Selekcija".

Research has shown that the highest yield of corn grains (10.2 t ha^-1) was obtained by fertilizing N₁₈₀ and using the biological preparation Bactoforce (BF) (1.0 l ha^-1 when watering together with KAS-32). The biological preparation Azofix plus (AP) (1.0 l ha^-1 when irrigated together with KAS-32) had an effect on the grain yield of maize compared to the control, in all backgrounds of fertilization with nitrogen fertilizers. The influence of the biological preparation CitoHelp (CH) (0.6 l ha^-1 when spraying corn at the 6 - leaf stage) on the yield of corn grains was lower than that of preparations AP and BF. The experimental data showed that the preparations used increased the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers. Without using biological preparations, increasing the rate of nitrogen fertilizers from N₁₀₀ to N₁₈₀, the yield of corn grain increased by 1.6 t ha^-1, with the use of biological preparation BF, the yield increased by 2.0 t ha^-1. After spraying the biological agent AP, grain yield increased by 1.8 t ha^-1, and by using the agent CH - 1.5 t ha^-1. When evaluating the partial efficiency of nitrogen for corn grain yield, it was found that when fertilizing with lower (N₁₀₀) nitrogen rates, the partial nitrogen efficiency was higher compared to the higher nitrogen fertilizer rates used in the study (N₁₄₀ and N₁₈₀).