THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS AND BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS ON THE ELEMENTS OF WINTER WHEAT YIELD STRUCTURE

Abstract

This study examines the effect of different nitrogen fertilizer rates, potassium fertilizers, and biological preparations on the yield and yield structure elements of winter wheat. The research was conducted in 2023–2024 in Devynduoniai village, Kėdainiai district (55°32’ N, 23.52’ E). The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of two different nitrogen fertilizer rates (N₁₅₀ and N₁₈₀), nitrogen-fixing bacteria, seaweed extract, their combinations, and potassium fertilizers on the yield and yield structure elements of winter wheat. Research object, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum (L.)) crop. The productivity indicators of winter wheat were determined using direct measurement, counting, and weighing methods according to accepted field experiment methodologies. The research data were statistically analyzed using a two-factor quantitative trait analysis of variance (ANOVA) method, applying the ANOVA software program. The experiment revealed that, in addition to nitrogen fertilization, the use of biological preparations and potassium fertilizers during plant vegetation had a significant impact on the yield of winter wheat. Summarizing the research results, a significant increase in grain yield, productive crop density, and spike productivity was observed. Therefore, the selected biological preparations and potassium fertilizers during the growing season may contribute to an increase in winter wheat yield.