INFLUENCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS AND EXPLANT TYPE ON THE SOMATIC CELLS OF SWEET BAZILS DEDIFFERENTIATION INDUCTION

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of growth regulators and explant type of callus formation frequency (%) and weight (mg) of sweet basil. To achieve this goal, the following goals have been set: 1. To determine the ability of explant types (cotyledons and hypocotyls) to form callus; 2. To evaluate the effect of growth regulators and explant-type on callus mass growth. The research was carried out in the Laboratory of Agrobiotechnologies of the Department of Plant Biology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University in 2020–2021. Studies have shown that isolated explants of sweet basil hypocotyls and cotyledons could not form a callus in the culture medium without growth regulators. The most intense (100%) callus formation frequency has been obtained on the medium supplemented with 0.4 mg l^-1 KIN + 0.4 mg l^-1 NAA, 0.8 mg l^-1 KIN + 0.4 mg l^-1 NAA and 0.8 mg l^-1 KIN + 0.8 mg l^-1 NAA. It was found that for effective growth callus mass of basil, it is most appropriate to supplement the culture medium with a combination of 0.4 mg l^-1 KIN + 0.4 mg l^-1 NAA growth regulators, which resulted in the highest average callus weight of 633 mg hypocotyls and 561 mg from cotyledon cells.